{"id":13921,"date":"2025-07-29T10:09:04","date_gmt":"2025-07-29T08:09:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/?p=13921"},"modified":"2025-09-24T13:31:56","modified_gmt":"2025-09-24T11:31:56","slug":"lcas-and-epds-for-metal-products","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/nl\/case-studies\/lcas-and-epds-for-metal-products\/","title":{"rendered":"LCAs and EPDs for metal products"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\">[vc_row full_width=&#8221;stretch_row&#8221; wpex_bg_overlay=&#8221;dark&#8221; wpex_bg_overlay_opacity=&#8221;0.1&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1672673137040{margin-bottom: 50px !important;padding-top: 90px !important;padding-bottom: 40px !important;background-image: url(https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Ecomatters-Website-Header-Casestudies.jpg?id=8073) !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: cover !important;}&#8221; wpex_bg_overlay_color=&#8221;accent&#8221;][vc_column]<style>.vcex-heading.vcex_69e88f2ea2ee9{color:#ffffff;font-size:50px;font-weight:700;}.vcex-heading.vcex_69e88f2ea2ee9:hover{color:#ffffff;}<\/style><h1 class=\"vcex-heading vcex-heading-plain vcex-module wpex-heading wpex-text-2xl wpex-text-center vcex_69e88f2ea2ee9\"><span class=\"vcex-heading-inner wpex-inline-block\">LCAs and EPDs for metal products<\/span><\/h1><div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\"><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1535121339673{padding-right: 80px !important;}&#8221;]<style>.vcex-breadcrumbs.vcex_69e88f2ea40bb{color:#c6c6c6;font-size:14px;}<\/style><nav class=\"vcex-breadcrumbs vcex-breadcrumbs--links-inherit-color vcex-breadcrumbs--custom-color vcex_69e88f2ea40bb\"><span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/nl\/\">Home<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/nav><div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\" style=\"height:10px;\"><\/div>[vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]At Ecomatters, we are experienced in working with companies across several global industries. One of the key industries we work with is the metal manufacturing industry. Underpinning sectors such as construction, automotive, energy, and electronics, the metal manufacturing industry is a significant contributor to the global economy. Unsurprisingly, its global significance also means that its practices also carry a significant environmental impact.<\/p>\n<p>Combined, the steel and aluminium industry account for approximately 10% of all global CO2 emission. In response to this, metal manufacturers are looking for ways to minimise their environmental impact. One way of doing this is by increasing the quantity of recycled material used in the manufacture of new metal products.<\/p>\n<p>Ecomatters has worked with several manufacturers within the global metal manufacturing industry to help them understand the environmental impacts of their products and communicate this data with their customers via <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/services\/product-footprint\/environmental-product-declaration\/\">Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs)<\/a>. In this case study we follow the process of completing a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/services\/product-footprint\/life-cycle-assessment\/\">Life Cycle Assessment<\/a> for a metal product and explain how this is transformed into an EPD.[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\" style=\"height:30px;\"><\/div><style>.vcex-heading.vcex_69e88f2ea707e{font-size:22px;font-weight:600;}<\/style><h2 class=\"vcex-heading vcex-heading-plain vcex-module wpex-heading wpex-text-2xl vcex_69e88f2ea707e\"><span class=\"vcex-heading-inner wpex-inline-block\">Data collection and life cycle modelling<\/span><\/h2>[vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]All LCA projects begin with data. Ecomatters provides an in-depth data questionnaire to the client for completion. This includes, but is not limited to, information on raw materials, utilities, packaging and waste treatment and end-of-life.<\/p>\n<p>The source of the data input for the LCA can vary depending on the type of company we\u2019re working alongside. For example, metal manufactures who manufacture products such as sheets or billets that are then sold for use as is, or for further manufacturing, may have access to primary data on all sheet or billet manufacturing steps up-to the factory gate.<\/p>\n<p>However, if you are the company purchasing the billets or sheets for further product manufacturing, you may need to request third-party data from your supplier. This data should detail the composition of metal purchased, including its recycled content. Often, in these circumstances, data on the actual manufacturing process is confidential. In which case, the manufacturing of the purchased metal is modelled using metal manufacturing datasets from a Life Cycle Inventory such as Ecoinvent.<\/p>\n<p>Once the data questionnaire has been completed, the LCA model is created using LCA software such as LCA for Experts or SimaPro. Results displaying the environmental impact of the product(s) under study are then extracted.[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\" style=\"height:30px;\"><\/div><style>.vcex-heading.vcex_69e88f2ea7e09{font-size:22px;font-weight:600;}<\/style><h2 class=\"vcex-heading vcex-heading-plain vcex-module wpex-heading wpex-text-2xl vcex_69e88f2ea7e09\"><span class=\"vcex-heading-inner wpex-inline-block\">From LCA to EPD: The publication process<\/span><\/h2>[vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]The results of the LCA are inputted into a template provided by the EPD platform. Alongside the EPD documents, a full LCA report detailing the methodology followed and the full results is produced. This report, and EPD documents are then reviewed by a third-party reviewer. The full LCA report remains confidential between Ecomatters, the client, and the third-party reviewer. It is not published with the EPD.<\/p>\n<p>Once the review is finalised, the EPD documents are published on the website of the EPD program operator. Interested in seeing real-life examples of our EPD work? You can find EPDs for metal manufacturers Ecomatters supported in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mrpi.nl\/epd-overzicht\/?_zoeken_epd_button_2=ecomatters\">MRPI database<\/a>.[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\" style=\"height:30px;\"><\/div><style>.vcex-heading.vcex_69e88f2ea8a0b{font-size:22px;font-weight:600;}<\/style><h2 class=\"vcex-heading vcex-heading-plain vcex-module wpex-heading wpex-text-2xl vcex_69e88f2ea8a0b\"><span class=\"vcex-heading-inner wpex-inline-block\">Determining the recycled content of the final product<\/span><\/h2>[vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]The metal industry is steadily increasing the use of secondary (recycled) scrap within products, especially in steel and aluminium. When performing LCAs and developing EPDs for metal products, it is important to determine how the % recycled content will be communicated.<\/p>\n<p>As well as conforming to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/services\/product-footprint\/environmental-product-declaration\/iso-14025-type-iii\/\">ISO14025<\/a>, EPDs are often produced in accordance with additional product category rules (PCRs). For construction products, the PCR is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/services\/product-footprint\/environmental-product-declaration\/en-15804\/\">EN15804+A2<\/a>. Within this PCR, the recycled content of your product is determined by the actual physical material input and output flows. This means that only the materials that can be verifiably tracked as recycled through the supply chain may be declared as such. Additionally, claims of recycled content must be substantiated with reliable data and documentation.<\/p>\n<p>Recently, however, we have been receiving additional questions on whether it is possible to assign the recycled content to individual products produced from a manufacturing process. This is called the <em>mass-balance approach<\/em> (MBA) and is considered feasible within the metal industry due to virgin metal products being functionally identical to products containing recycled metals. In simple terms, mass balance involves attributing the recycled content characteristic to specified end products. For example, if you feed 50% recycled scrap into your production system, the MBA allows you to \u201cassign\u201d that recycled content to a proportion of your outputs. This would effectively label some products as 100% recycled and others as 100% virgin.<\/p>\n<p>This approach is not allowed under EN15804+A2 or for EPDs published on Eco Platform but may be possible under other schemes outside of EN15804 construction EPDs (eg. for plastics and chemicals), or for non-EPD purposes.[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\" style=\"height:20px;\"><\/div>[vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<em><strong>If you are interested in working with Ecomatters to create EPD documents for your products, calculate your product carbon footprint, or communicating the recycled content of your product, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/contact\/\">contact us<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/contact\/consultant-call\/\">plan a call with one of our experts<\/a>.<\/strong><\/em>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;]<ul class=\"vcex-post-meta meta vcex-module wpex-flex wpex-flex-wrap wpex-items-center\"><li class=\"meta-date\"><span class=\"meta-icon wpex-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\"><path d=\"M464 256A208 208 0 1 1 48 256a208 208 0 1 1 416 0zM0 256a256 256 0 1 0 512 0A256 256 0 1 0 0 256zM232 120V256c0 8 4 15.5 10.7 20l96 64c11 7.4 25.9 4.4 33.3-6.7s4.4-25.9-6.7-33.3L280 243.2V120c0-13.3-10.7-24-24-24s-24 10.7-24 24z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><time datetime=\"2025-07-29\">29 juli 2025<\/time><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"vcex-post-media vcex-module\"><img width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/metal.jpg\" class=\"wpex-align-center\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/metal.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/metal-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/metal-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 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href=\"https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/nl\/staff-category\/liz\/\" class=\"vcex-post-terms__item vcex-post-terms__item--3959 vcex-post-terms__item--btn theme-button\">Liz<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/nl\/staff-category\/ecomatters-netherlands\/\" class=\"vcex-post-terms__item vcex-post-terms__item--4070 vcex-post-terms__item--btn theme-button\">Team Netherlands<\/a><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1536592559928{padding-top: 50px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column]<style>.vcex-heading.vcex_69e88f2ebdaf2{color:#67a3bd;font-size:36px;}<\/style><h2 class=\"vcex-heading vcex-heading-plain vcex-module wpex-heading wpex-text-2xl wpex-text-center vcex_69e88f2ebdaf2\"><span class=\"vcex-heading-inner wpex-inline-block\">Other Case Studies<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"wpex-post-cards wpex-post-cards-overlay_4 vcex_69e88f2ec15f4 wpex-relative\"><div class=\"wpex-post-cards-inner\"><style class=\"vcex-carousel-preload-css\">.vcex_69e88f2ec15f4 .wpex-posts-card-carousel{--wpex-carousel-gap:15px;}.vcex_69e88f2ec15f4 .wpex-posts-card-carousel{--wpex-carousel-columns:1;}.vcex_69e88f2ec15f4 .wpex-posts-card-carousel.wpex-carousel:not(.wpex-carousel--loaded) > *:not(:nth-child(1n+2)){display:flex!important;}@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) {.vcex_69e88f2ec15f4 .wpex-posts-card-carousel{--wpex-carousel-columns:2;}.vcex_69e88f2ec15f4 .wpex-posts-card-carousel.wpex-carousel:not(.wpex-carousel--loaded) > *:not(:nth-child(1n+3)){display:flex!important;}}@media only screen and (min-width: 768px) {.vcex_69e88f2ec15f4 .wpex-posts-card-carousel{--wpex-carousel-columns:3;}.vcex_69e88f2ec15f4 .wpex-posts-card-carousel.wpex-carousel:not(.wpex-carousel--loaded) > *:not(:nth-child(1n+4)){display:flex!important;}}@media only screen and (min-width: 960px) {.vcex_69e88f2ec15f4 .wpex-posts-card-carousel{--wpex-carousel-columns:4;}.vcex_69e88f2ec15f4 .wpex-posts-card-carousel.wpex-carousel:not(.wpex-carousel--loaded) > *:not(:nth-child(1n+5)){display:flex!important;}}<\/style><div class=\"wpex-post-cards-loop wpex-posts-card-carousel wpex-carousel owl-carousel wpex-carousel--render-onload wpex-carousel--flex wpex-carousel--offset-fix arrwstyle-min arrwpos-center\" data-wpex-carousel='{&quot;slideBy&quot;:1,&quot;items&quot;:4,&quot;responsive&quot;:{&quot;0&quot;:{&quot;items&quot;:&quot;1&quot;},&quot;480&quot;:{&quot;items&quot;:&quot;2&quot;},&quot;768&quot;:{&quot;items&quot;:&quot;3&quot;},&quot;960&quot;:{&quot;items&quot;:4}}}'><div class=\"wpex-post-cards-entry wpex-carousel-slide post-14233 type-post cat-3931 cat-3930 cat-3936 cat-3934 translation_priority-6\"><div class=\"wpex-card wpex-card-overlay_4\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/nl\/case-studies\/life-cycle-assessment-in-the-chemical-industry\/\" aria-label=\"Life Cycle Assessment in the chemical industry\" class=\"wpex-card-inner wpex-relative wpex-flex wpex-flex-col wpex-flex-grow wpex-overflow-hidden wpex-no-underline wpex-image-hover-parent wpex-rounded-sm\"><div class=\"wpex-card-thumbnail wpex-relative wpex-image-hover grow wpex-flex wpex-h-100\"><img width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/chemicals-.avif\" class=\"wpex-align-middle wpex-h-100 wpex-w-100 wpex-object-cover skip-lazy\" alt=\"Life Cycle Assessment in the chemical industry\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/chemicals-.avif 500w, https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/chemicals--300x300.avif 300w, https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/chemicals--150x150.avif 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/div><span class=\"wpex-card-backdrop wpex-absolute wpex-inset-0\" style=\"background-image:linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(0,0,0,0) 0%, rgba(0,0,0,.15) 60%, rgba(0,0,0,.85) 100%);\"><\/span><h2 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wpex_bg_overlay_opacity=&#8221;0.1&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1672673137040{margin-bottom: 50px !important;padding-top: 90px !important;padding-bottom: 40px !important;background-image: url(https:\/\/www.ecomatters.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Ecomatters-Website-Header-Casestudies.jpg?id=8073) !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: cover !important;}&#8221; wpex_bg_overlay_color=&#8221;accent&#8221;][vc_column][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1535121339673{padding-right: 80px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]At Ecomatters, we are experienced in working with companies across several global industries. One of the key industries we work with is the metal manufacturing industry. Underpinning sectors such as construction,&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":13923,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3932,3936],"tags":[],"post_series":[],"class_list":["post-13921","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-construction-and-building","category-lca-epd","entry","has-media"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>LCAs and EPDs for metal products - Ecomatters - Sustainability<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Looking to produce EPDs for metal products? 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